COVID-19 disease: invasive ventilation. The unadjusted overall 180-day survival rates was 59% (95% CI 56-62%). Almost a third of patients (100) on echinocandin therapy had an extended hospital stay solely for the reason of completing parenteral treatment. Youre OK.. Of all the preventive measures you can take,vaccinationisthemost effective. When COVID pneumonia develops, it causes additional symptoms, such as: What's more is that COVID pneumonia often occurs in both lungs, rather than just one lung or the other. WebConclusions: Serum IL-27 is markedly and positively associated with the severity and poor prognosis among CAP patients, indicating that IL-27 may involve in the pathophysiological process of CAP. They arent a cure for COVID-19, but they can support your body while it fights off the infection. This study was done as there is scarce data on mortality predictors in severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients admitted to ICU in the Indian population. Respir Res. Madrid (0010604)/Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, et al. But as I am learning in my own recovery from COVID, sometimes recovery starts with just one step out of the dark place. In early October I was on a ventilator with COVID-related pneumonia. Brown B, Ojha V, Fricke I, Al-Sheboul SA, Imarogbe C, Gravier T, Green M, Peterson L, Koutsaroff IP, Demir A, Andrieu J, Leow CY, Leow CH. If somebody needs to go on a ventilator, it means that they have severe symptoms of COVID-19. Others times it comes after fighting against anti-vaccine conspiracy theories and misinformation. 2020 Aug;158:104899. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104899. The current survival rate of people needing to use a ventilator varies widely between studies. 2.3 Susceptible population. You can't bathe yourself. See this image and copyright information in PMC. The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2), an emerging coronavirus, which has already infected 192 million people with a case fatality rate close to 2%. eCollection 2022 Dec. Remdesivir for the Treatment of Severe COVID-19: A Community Hospital's Experience. But mentally, I found myself returning to my days in the hospitalwhen I was overwhelmed by the tests; the sounds, the unknowing and, most of all, the loneliness. 2005-2023 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. PMC You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Background Estimating the risk of intubation and mortality among COVID-19 patients can help clinicians triage these patients and allocate resources more efficiently. A ventilator has the lifesaving task of supporting the lungs. Keywords: (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-with-medical-conditions.html), (https://www.cdc.gov/pneumonia/index.html). Anaesth. WebEarly observations suggested that COVID-19 pneumonia had a higher mortality rate than other causes of pneumonia. for useful, credible and reliable information. Dr. Lee: Regardless of what causes it, regaining strength after pneumonia can take quite a long time from several weeks to many months. The .gov means its official. 2020;8:853862. Pittard went on to highlight a study involving more than 1,000 Covid patients across five US hospitals. going to struggle to stand up and walk. 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 |, Important Updates + Notice of Vendor Data Event. Seeking treatment as soon as possible increases your chance of survival and a quicker recovery. Median ventilation defects were 0.2% and 0.7% for participants without COVID-19 and asymptomatic patients with COVID-19 and increased to 1.2% and 11.3% for symptomatic patients without and with dyspnea, respectively. Katkin:Weuse FaceTime to connectpatientswith their loved ones andfamily members,sincethey'reunabletobe with them in person. The site is secure. Overall survival, KaplanMeier survival curves. I was on a ventilator with COVID-related pneumonia, My road to full recovery from COVID-19 like America's will be long and difficult, One in three COVID-19 survivors diagnosed with brain or mental health disorder within 6 months of infection, study finds, After 25 days on a ventilator, shes renewing her wedding vows, Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. Epub 2022 Jun 2. Through personal conversations with fellow COVID survivors especially those who were on a ventilator I am learning the non-physical effects of the coronavirus can be just as debilitating as the physical ones. Youre likely in a state of confusion when youre on a ventilator, and a sedative can help prevent you from injuring yourself if you attempt to remove the tube. Infect Drug Resist. This makes the small sacs in your lungs (alveoli) swell and leak fluids. How Fast COVID-19 Can Spread in a Household, FDA Panel Recommends Approval of First RSV Vaccine: What to Know, CDC Says Flu Shot Was Effective for Many Adults and Most Kids: What to Know, COVID-19 Pandemic: A 3-Year Retrospective on Masks, Vaccines, and Immunity, Norovirus: Why Cases are on The Rise and How to Avoid It, Can Bird Flu Infect People? Experts Answer Questions About the Outbreak, cuts to your lip tongues, throat, or trachea. The amount of time you need to be on a ventilator depends on the severity of your condition and how long it takes you to breathe on your own. Epub 2020 May 11. 2021 Jul 1;4(7):e2114741. I've had people come off of the ventilator and tell me that they thought we were hurtingor attackingthem. Thismachine helpsthem exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide,supportingtheir breathing while they're undergoing an operation or any kind of recovery. A study published in August 2020 found that two small groups of people admitted to an ICU for COVID-19 spent an average time of 7.97 and 9.85 days on a mechanical ventilator. Webhigh rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critical COVID-19. Question What are the mortality and readmission rates in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia discharged according to an expected practice approach with supplemental home oxygen?. Since surviving COVID-19, I sometimes feel myself slip into this dark place one where I am scared. Theymay have different types of catheterswhichcan cause injury. Overall survival at 180 days. A retrospective study was conducted on COVID-19 pneumonia patients admitted to tertiary care center during June-October 2020. Of these patients, 142 (37.4 percent) had received the corticosteroid methylprednisolone to reduce lung inflammation and government site. Mechanical ventilators can be crucial in situations where youre not able to adequately breathe on your own. A 2-year retrospective cohort study of hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19 pneumonia was conducted at a private tertiary care center. Severe covid-19 pneumonia: pathogenesis and clinical management. Go to the emergency room or call 911 if you have COVID-19 and have any new or worsening symptoms, especially if youre struggling to breathe, feel confused, cant seem to stay awake or your skin, lips or nails appear blue. 2021 Sep;9(9):989-998. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00229-0. The research team identified 719 COVID-19 and 1127 non-COVID-19 patients with pneumonia who required mechanical ventilation. Nonetheless, ventilators can be life-saving and, indeed, many of those whove survived severe cases of COVID-19 would be unlikely to have made it without one. Be sure to boost your immune system bymaking sure that you're getting enough exercise, sleepand fueling your body with nutritious foodandsleep. Safety and Efficacy of Imatinib for Hospitalized Adults with COVID-19: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. -, Grasselli G, Zangrillo A, Zanella A, et al. Non-invasive respiratory support in SARS-CoV-2 related acute respiratory distress syndrome: when is it most appropriate to start treatment? That means increasing access to community counseling, emergency health lines, and equipping first responders with the tools they need to provide compassionate care. Care Pain Med. Numerous studies have advanced our understanding of Alamer A, Asdaq SMB, AlYamani M, AlGhadeer H, Alnasser ZH, Aljassim Z, Albattat M, Alhajji A, Alrashed A, Mozari Y, Aledrees A, Almuhainy B, Abraham I, Alamer A. Ann Saudi Med. If they haven'tbeenvaccinated, theyoftenwonder:Am I responsible forgetting myself sick? Pneumonia acquired in the intensive care unit (ICU) is a common infection in critically ill patients. One would think hearing stories of people who have died would remind me of how lucky I am. Since the first COVID-19 case (March 3, 2020) up to November 30, 2020, all adult critical patients supported with IMV by 10 days or more at the Hospital Clnico Universidad de Chile will be included in the cohort. Careers. The longer theyre in the ICU, the sicker theytend to look. 2020 Oct 1;180(10):1345-1355. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.3539. During the first wave of COVID-19, about 75 percent of people admitted to critical care units were placed on a mechanical ventilator. Harvey:Intubation isneverliketheway you breathe normally. All rights reserved. Retrospective, multicentre, national cohort study between March 8 and April 30, 2020 in 16 intensive care units (ICU) in Spain. 2023 USA TODAY, a division of Gannett Satellite Information Network, LLC. Care Pain Med. COVID-19 can lead to severe respiratory symptoms and an inability to breathe in an adequate amount of oxygen. Once youve returned home, feeling like youre up to returning to some of your normal activities is a good sign that you are continuing to recover. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help tell us that they feel like they're not the same person they were before they got sick. Bazdyrev E, Panova M, Zherebtsova V, Burdenkova A, Grishagin I, Novikov F, Nebolsin V. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). If youre diagnosed with COVID pneumonia, its likely that youll be admitted to the hospital. explore the long-term effects of COVID-19 critical care. Despite this management, the evolution was unfavorable, and the patient was placed under VV-ECMO a second time on day-46. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. The ICU- and in-hospital mortality rates of patients 70 years old admitted with COVID-19 were significantly higher (resp. WebHow many people with COVID-19 will get pneumonia? Characteristics of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients in the Al-Ahsa Region of Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study with survival analysis. Age and Comorbidities Predict COVID-19 Outcome, Regardless of Innate Immune Response Severity: A Single Institutional Cohort Study. Ruiz-Santana S, Mora-Quintero ML, Saavedra P, Montiel-Gonzlez R, Snchez-Ramrez C, Prez-Acosta G, Martn-Velasco M, Rodrguez-Mata C, Lorenzo-Garca JM, Parrilla-Toribio D, Carrillo-Garca T, Martn-Gonzlez JC. With the abundance of misinformationonline, its important to base your healthcare decisions on facts and real-world experiences from medical professionals. REC CardioClinics Grant RA, Morales-Nebreda L, Markov NS, et al. COVID pneumonia is caused when your immune system attacks an infection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in your lungs. For more severe illness, it can take months to recover. 2022 May-Jun;42(3):165-173. doi: 10.5144/0256-4947.2022.165. And I do feel incredibly blessed in surviving. Case fatality rates for patients with COVID-19 requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. Lancet Respir Med. An official website of the United States government. In the case of COVID pneumonia, the damage to the lungs is caused by the coronavirus that causes COVID-19. Sedationrequiresmedications, whichcan affect your body in many ways. Make sure you keep a close eye on your symptoms especially if youre over the age of 65 or have an ongoing medical condition that puts you at risk for severe illness with COVID-19. Crit. At age 53 with Type 2 diabetes and a few extra pounds, my chance of survival was far less than 50 percent. About 5% of patients infected with SARS CoV-2 have a critical form with organ failure. and transmitted securely. Mechanical ventilators are connected to a tube that goes down your throat. Results: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Right after coming out of intubation, patients often canthold their head up. Conspiracy theories and claims that COVID-19 was just a bad flu caused deep anger. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Your muscles may be weak after getting support from the ventilator and may need some time to get stronger before you are ready to come off. Generally, my emotions are internalized. [CrossRef] et al. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help If you arent able to breathe on your own without the ventilator, your healthcare provider will reattach it and youll try again at a future time. In severe cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome, youll be deeply sedated. Harvey:Wefrequently have toput tubes down thepatients airwayto suctionmucus andsecretionsfrom the lower airway. That being said, there's still plenty that experts like Dr. Lee do know about COVID pneumonia, including about how long it can take to fully recover from it. The news of increasing vaccination numbers, fewer U.S. infections, and continued COVID-19 federal relief has provided hope for the first time since March 2020. Introduction. Families can see the deteriorationvirtually,noticing that thepatientlooksolderand frailerwith time. Trial registration: Youre at an increased risk of getting very sick with COVID-19, including COVID pneumonia, if you: You're also at an increased risk if youre living with: About 15% of people with COVID-19 develop serious complications, including COVID pneumonia. They have told usthat it feels liketheirbodyison fire. 2022 Dec 16;15(12):1574. doi: 10.3390/ph15121574. The outcomes included hospital discharge, invasive mechanical ventilation, and in-hospital death, among others. Thatprocessis uncomfortable. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Data existed on ferritin levels upon admission in 380 non-intubated patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Theyalso tend tohave tight musclesin their ankles from lying in bed for so long, making it impossible for them to stand. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has profoundly affected the US healthcare system. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. COVID-19: People with Certain Medical Conditions. WebThe gained knowledge was well translated into clinical practice reflected by the decreasing ventilator-associated pneumonia rate. . Would you like email updates of new search results? may feel pain or discomfort when we have to turn or reposition them in their bed. 2020 Oct 28;21(1):897. doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04819-9. The Cox multinominal regression analysis identified SpO2/FiO2 < 400, age > 50 years, duration of symptom > 4 days, serum ferritin > 450 g/L, respiratory rate > 23/min, the presence of comorbidities and non-usage of remdesivir were independently associated with increased mortality. Roughly 2.5 percent of people with COVID-19 will need a mechanical ventilator. You're likely familiar with the common, mild symptoms of COVID-19 including fever, dry cough and fatigue. And every single day that you lie in bed, th, Right after coming out of intubation, patients often cant, hold their head up. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7573220/), (https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/covid-19/treatment-recovery). Dr. Singh:In order to intubate you and put you on a ventilator,wehave to sedate youand putyou in a coma. The .gov means its official. Ventilators are breathing machines that help keep your lungs working. Explore lung, breathing and allergy disorders, treatments, tests and prevention services provided by the Cleveland Clinic Respiratory Institute. Case characteristics, resource use, and outcomes of 10021 patients with COVID-19 admitted to 920 German hospitals: an observational study. The median age of all enrolled patients was 66 years (IQR, 46.373.0; range, 999 years), and 76 (48.7%) were male. FOIA I've had people come off of the ventilator and tell me that they thought we were hurting. Prior to intubation, 26% received some type of noninvasive respiratory support. I worried about myself. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. WebAbstract. HIGHLIGHTS who: Yoshihiko Takahashi and colleagues from the Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan, Department of Emergency and Critical Care have published the Article: Effect of a systematic lung-protective protocol for COVID-19 pneumonia requiring invasive ventilation: A single center retrospective study, in the Baruah TD, Kannauje PK, Ray R, Borkar N, Panigrahi S, Kumar D, Pathak M, Biswas D. J Family Med Prim Care. Four of these viruses cause mild disease, but three can cause potentially severe respiratory infections: The virus that causes COVID-19 can enter your body through your nose, mouth, or eyes. They'reoftendisoriented because of the medications, so they don't really know what's going on. JAMA. Learn more about the vaccine and where to schedule your vaccination. Continue to monitor your symptoms. When werewatching our patients struggle to breathejust before we add the ventilator, they know that the last wordsthey say maybe their lastwordsforever. WebRelationship between ventilator-associated pneumonia and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a planned ancillary analysis of the coVAPid cohort Last medically reviewed on March 15, 2021. WebHow covid 19 affect enterocytes and lead to diarrhea clinical gastroenterology and hepatology narrative reviews fasiha kanwal, section editor diarrhea during Click here to learn more about Yales research efforts and response to COVID-19. Cline:Alot of nurses in the ICU tell us that the hardest part of their job is staying with patientswhile they die. Epub 2022 Oct 31. Platelet-to-White Blood Cell Ratio as a Predictor of Mortality in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Joint analysis of duration of ventilation, length of intensive care, and mortality of COVID-19 patients: A multistate approach. While some associations with age, male sex, high body mass The longer theyre in the ICU, the sicker the, Months later, patients can still struggle with breathing, muscle weakness, fatigue, foggy. You're basically lying there with all of these machines keeping you alive,and you're all alone. For short-termuse, mostpatientsdo pretty well. When theres a surge and hospitals are overwhelmed, deaths from COVID pneumonia (mortality) can double. Higher survival rate was observed in patients younger than 55 years old (p = 0.003) with the highest mortality rate observed in those patients older than 75 years (p = It may be assumed that a refresher educational session within 12 months after implementation is needed. eCollection 2023 Feb. Nevola R, Russo A, Scuotto S, Imbriani S, Aprea C, Abitabile M, Beccia D, Brin C, Carusone C, Cinone F, Cirigliano G, Colantuoni S, Cozzolino D, Cuomo G, Del Core M, Gjeloshi K, Marrone A, Medicamento G, Meo LA, Nappo F, Padula A, Pafundi PC, Ranieri R, Ricozzi C, Rinaldi L, Romano CP, Ruocco R, Ruosi C, Salvati A, Sasso FC, Sellitto A, Sommese P, Villani A, Coppola N, Adinolfi LE. It's not just the cancer that makesyou sick. It causes fluid and inflammation in your lungs. You can't go to the bathroom. By signing up, you will receive our newsletter with articles, videos, health tips and more. Association of Remdesivir Treatment With Survival and Length of Hospital Stay Among US Veterans Hospitalized With COVID-19. KaplanMeier survival curves. From May 2020 to May 2021, a total of 1,032 confirmed COVID-19 patients were admitted to COVID-19 treatment centers in the study area. WebThe gained knowledge was well translated into clinical practice reflected by the decreasing ventilator-associated pneumonia rate. These "long haulers" can have variety of problems, since the virus can attack not only the lungs, but also the heart, kidneys and brain. Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 08/10/2022. once you have a tube down your throat, you can't eat anymore. 39.7% and 47.6%) compared to the patients admitted with a bacterial or other viral pneumonia in both time periods (all p values <0.001, see Table 2, Figure 1 and S1 ). This is called pneumonia. Keep reading as we explain how ventilators are used to help people with severe COVID-19 symptoms. In some cases, patients will have lingering symptoms after the initial COVID-19 infection, often called post-COVID syndrome. Dr. Singh:You can minimize your risk of being in anICUby taking care of your health. How you feel with COVID pneumonia may change day by day. It's strong,and it's hard to watch as a clinician. Ohl ME, Miller DR, Lund BC, Kobayashi T, Richardson Miell K, Beck BF, Alexander B, Crothers K, Vaughan Sarrazin MS. JAMA Netw Open. COVID-19 virus, a single-chain enveloped RNA virus, Citation 1 causes multisystemic infections in animals and humans, mainly leads to respiratory tract infection. 4,012 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were admitted to hospital, of which 560 (13.95%) with severe pneumonia were included in the study. Your healthcare provider should be able to reduce the number of machines that help you breathe or give you oxygen if your condition is improving. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the most common diagnosis for severe COVID-19 is severe pneumonia. Citation 2 Classically patients exhibit mild symptoms such as fever, sore throat, and upper respiratory tract infections. Participants were consecutive adults who received invasive mechanical ventilation for COVID-19. Dr. Lee: Pneumonia occurs when a bacterial or viral infection causes significant damage and inflammation in the lungs. If you dont have access to soap, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. They have bruises from all the IVs. Theyll listen to your lungs with a stethoscope and take your blood pressure, temperature and oxygen level. Richardson S, Hirsch JS, Narasimhan M, et al. Doctors said she wouldnt survive COVID:After 25 days on a ventilator, shes renewing her wedding vows, Lorenzo Sierra is a member of the Arizona House of Representatives, Legislative District 19. It's the drugs that help treat the cancer thatmakeyour hair fall out and your bodyfeelweak. How does extended intubation affect how patients look? Physical therapy and a slow return to my normal exercise routine is helping me recover. In more severe cases, the damage can last a long time. Registered 10 April 2020 (retrospectively registered). They may perform or order additional tests, including imaging, blood tests or sputum (spit) tests. With each day, the spiraling death toll left me with what I now know is survivors guilt. Serum IL-27 may be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in It may be assumed that a refresher educational session within 12 months after implementation is needed. The severity of these surges varied due to the different virulences of the variants. They can't grip or squeezethingsbecause they're so weak. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted The novel coronavirus pandemic has caused significant mortality throughout the world. The resulting fluid and debris build-up makes it hard for a person to breathe sometimes to such an extent that oxygen therapy or ventilator support is required. But after 11 days in the intensive care unit, and thanks to the tireless care of frontline heroes, I made what medical professionals at Johns Hopkins in Baltimore called a miraculous recovery. An official website of the United States government. Uncertain. Rationale: Initial reports of case fatality rates (CFRs) among adults with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) receiving invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) are highly variable.Objectives: To examine the CFR of patients with COVID-19 receiving IMV.Methods: Two authors independently searched PubMed, Embase, medRxiv, bioRxiv, the COVID-19 Key Points. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 2020;323:20522059. Inflammation caused by the infection can interfere with your lungs ability to clear fluid and debris. Interstitial tissue is what surrounds your lungs air sacs, blood vessels and airways. You're going to need equipment, like awalker or wheelchair,to help you get around. Am I doing enough to justify my existence? Am I living a life worthy of the efforts of my healthcare workers; worthy of the prayers sent my way? And, of course, Why did I live, when so many didnt?. The process of coming off a ventilator use can take from days to months. showing a lower patient survival rate among those hospitalized Nez, J.; Badimn, J.J.; et al. Mandell LA, Niederman MS. [CrossRef] et al. Introduction. Pregnant women and non-adult patients will be excluded. But although ventilators save lives, a sobering reality has emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic: many intubated patients do not survive, and recent research An increasing number of U.S. covid-19 patients are surviving after they are placed on mechanical ventilators, a last-resort measure that was perceived as a signal of impending death during the terrifying early days of the pandemic. Sometimes you can also get infected with a bacteria that causes pneumonia while your immune system is weakened (this is called a superinfection). Methods: Where we succeeded, where we didn't, and what we learned. Liddell K, et al. Now experts are hoping experimental drugs may help treat, Experts say people who aren't vaccinated can contract COVID-19 more easily as well as spread the virus to others, Recent research shows that COVID 19 spreads faster and more widely than previously reported. ou're basically lying there with all of these machines keeping you alive, lot of nurses in the ICU tell us that the hardest part of their job is staying with p, this disease process makes it so people die by themselves, watching our patients struggle to breathe, You can minimize your risk of being in an, making sure that you're getting enough exercise, and fueling your body with nutritious food. Yes, you can get pneumonia when infected with COVID-19. (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03148-w#citeas). 2020;323(11):10611069. WebRelationship between ventilator-associated pneumonia and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a planned ancillary analysis of the coVAPid cohort Important legal rights in a pandemic. Everyone's recovery is unique and depends on: If you are recovering from COVID pneumonia and experiencing persistent problems, I recommend seeing your doctor for a follow-up evaluation. Cline:The situation is similarforsomeonewithcancer. Hospital-Acquired Infections in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19. Before Trials. A shorter symptom onset to remdesivir treatment (SORT) interval is associated with a lower mortality in moderate-to-severe COVID-19: A real-world analysis. Because the true number of infections is much larger than just the documented cases, the actual survival rate of all COVID-19 infections is even higher than 98.2%. Lost. Through that breathing tube, weattachthem to a ventilator. Health experts provide answers to frequently asked questions about the bird flu outbreak and the danger it poses to humans. their breathing while they're undergoing an operation or any kind of recovery. In a single-center, retrospective, observational study, we aimed to assess and compare morbidities and How soon you will feel better depends on: Follow-up with your healthcare provider if you have ongoing health concerns after being treated for COVID pneumonia. COVID-19 Secondary Infections in ICU Patients and Prevention Control Measures: A Preliminary Prospective Multicenter Study. REC CardioClinics Crit. Background: The previous studies have revealed that IL-27 was involved in the pathophysiology of pulmonary inflammatory diseases.However, the role of IL-27 in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) was unclear.